ABSTRACT
INTRODUÇÃO: A doença falciforme (DF) é caracterizada por complicações agudas e crônicas. Entre as agudas podemos citar: episódios álgicos, síndrome torácica aguda (STA), priapismo, crise hemolítica, infecções agudas e acidente vascular cerebral (AVC), sendo este útimo responsavel por complicações a longo prazo na infância. A velocidade do fluxo sanguíneo cerebral (VFSC) elevada é o fator de risco mais importante para o desenvolvimento do AVC em crianças com anemia falciforme. A identificação de pacientes de risco associados a velocidades de fluxo sanguíneos cerebrais anormais é realizada pelo Doppler transcraniano (DTC), exame fundamental à prevenção primária do AVC. OBJETIVOS: Avaliar as velocidades de fluxo sanguíneo cerebral em crianças e adolescentes com DF em Salvador-Bahia, para identificar aqueles com risco alto de AVC, além de correlacionar as velocidades de fluxo cerebral com os perfis clínico e hematológico dos pacientes. PACIENTES E MÉTODOS: O DTC por insonação, utilizando uma sonda de 2 MHZ...
BACKGROUND: Sickle cell disease (SCD) is characterized by acute episodes of illnesses (crises) such as bone pain crisis, acute chest syndrome (ACS), priapism, hemolytic crisis, acute infections; and acute and long term complications such as cerebrovascular accident (CVA). Abnormally high cerebral blood flow velocity is the most important risk factor for development of stroke in pediatric patients with sickle cell anemia, and its detection by transcranial Doppler (TCD) is fundamental in primary stroke prevention. Other clinical, hematologic and genetic risk factors of stroke have also been identified. OBJECTIVES: The study aimed at evaluating the cerebral blood flow velocities of children and adolescents with SCD in Salvador, Brazil, detect those at high risk of stroke and correlate the flow velocities with clinical and hematological profiles of the patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Transcranial Doppler was performed on subjects aged 2 to 16 years who fulfilled the inclusion criteria, using a 2 MHz...
Subject(s)
Hemoglobin SC Disease/diagnosis , Hemoglobin SC Disease/epidemiology , Hemoglobin SC Disease/immunology , Hemoglobin SC Disease/pathology , Hemoglobin SC Disease/prevention & control , Hemoglobin SC Disease/bloodABSTRACT
Background: Congenital anomalies including those of the alimentary tract are among the leading causes of childhood morbidity and mortality. A variety of these anomalies could affect the alimentary tract with various medical as well as economic costs. The aim of the current study was to determine the prevalence of the different forms, maternal as well as birth characteristics and outcomes of the congenital anomalies of the alimentary tract in hospitalized children in Enugu. Methods: A 3 year retrospective audit of all hospitalized cases of alimentary tract anomalies was carried out. Case definitions of the different forms of alimentary tract anomalies studied were based on International Classification of Diseases and Related Problems, Tenth Edition (ICD-10). Data was analyzed using SPSS version 21.0 while level of statistical significance was set at p<0.05. Results: A total of 59 children (37 males and 22 females) with alimentary tract anomalies were admitted during the period under review. Anorectal malformations 26(44.1%), Hirschsprung’s disease 14(23.7%) and Ompalocoele 5(8.5%) were the most common anomalies observed. Congenital talipes equinovarus deformity of the lower limbs was the most predominant associated congenital anomaly. Maternal periconceptional use of herbal medications was reported in 7 (11.9) cases. The case fatality rate was 5.1%. Conclusion: A variety of alimentary tract anomalies do occur in children in our setting with some mothers having taken various forms of herbal medications in pregnancy. Efforts should be made to educate mothers on the need to avoid use of herbal concoctions during periconceptional period and in pregnancy as it could lead to a possible congenital anomaly.